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A literary language is a register or dialect of a language that is used in literary writing. This may also include liturgical writing. The difference between literary and non-literary forms is more marked in some languages than in others. Where there is a strong divergence, the language is said to exhibit diglossia. Classical Latin was the literary register of Latin, as opposed to the Vulgar Latin spoken across the Roman Empire. The Latin brought by Roman soldiers to Gaul, Iberia, or Dacia was not identical to the Latin of Cicero, and differed from it in vocabulary, syntax, and grammar.〔L. R. Palmer The Latin Language (repr. Univ. Oklahoma 1988, ISBN 0-8061-2136-X)〕 Some literary works with low-register language from the Classical Latin period give a glimpse into the world of early Vulgar Latin. The works of Plautus and Terence, being comedies with many characters who were slaves, preserve some early basilectal Latin features, as does the recorded speech of the freedmen in the ''Cena Trimalchionis'' by Petronius Arbiter. At the third Council of Tours in 813, priests were ordered to preach in the vernacular language — either in the ''rustica lingua romanica'' (Vulgar Latin), or in the Germanic vernaculars — since the common people could no longer understand formal Latin. ==Literary English== Literary language is a register that is used in literary criticism and general discussion on some literary work. For much of its history there has been a distinction in the English language between an elevated literary language and a colloquial language.〔Matti Rissanen, ''History of Englishes: New Methods and Interpretations in Historical Linguistics'', Walter de Gruyter, 1992, p9. ISBN 3-11-013216-8〕 After the Norman conquest of England, for instance, Latin and French displaced English as the official and literary languages〔Elaine M. Treharne, ''Old and Middle English C.890-c.1400: An Anthology'', Blackwell Publishing, 2004, pxxi. ISBN 1-4051-1313-8〕 and Standard literary English did not emerge until the end of the Middle Ages.〔Pat Rogers, ''The Oxford Illustrated History of English Literature'', Oxford University Press, 2001, p3. ISBN 0-19-285437-2〕 At this time and into the renaissance, the practice of aureation (the introduction of terms from classical languages, often through poetry) was an important part of the reclamation of status for the English language, and many historically aureate terms are now part of general common usage. Modern English no longer has quite the same distinction between literary and colloquial registers.〔 English has been used as a literary language in countries that were formerly part of the British Empire, for instance India up to the present day,〔R.R.Mehrotra in Ofelia García, Ricardo Otheguy, ''English Across Cultures, Cultures Across English: A Reader in Cross-cultural Communication'', Walter de Gruyter, 1989, p422. ISBN 0-89925-513-2〕 Malaysia in the early twentieth century,〔David Crystal, ''The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language'', Cambridge University Press, 2003, p104. ISBN 0-521-53033-4〕 and Nigeria, where English remains the official language. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Literary language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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